Why Is It Harder to Start a Car in the Cold?

Cold weather can throw a wrench in the works when it comes to starting a car. The main culprits? The battery and the oil. Sure, there are other factors, but these two are the heavy hitters.

Cars are pretty amazing machines, but they’re not immune to temperature changes. Just like metal expands when it heats up and contracts when it cools down, the same goes for a car’s components. This is basic physics, and it’s why things like liquids can turn into gases or solids based on the temperature.

Now, think about viscosity—like honey. When it’s cold, it’s thick and slow. Heat it up, and it flows like a dream. This principle plays a big role in how easily a car starts in chilly weather.

Why Car Batteries Struggle in Cold Weather

A car battery generates power through a chemical reaction involving water and acid. When temperatures drop, water can freeze, and that’s where the trouble starts. A fully charged battery has a well-mixed electrolyte, which usually stays liquid down to about -70°F. But if the battery is low on charge, the water can freeze, making it impossible to produce the electricity needed to start the engine.

If the battery is even partially frozen, it won’t provide enough power to crank the engine, leaving drivers in a bind.

How Motor Oil Affects Cold Starts

Most engine oils today are multi-viscosity, which means they perform differently in varying temperatures. For example, 5W-30 oil is thinner in the cold (5W) and thicker when the engine heats up (30). The lower the first number, the better it flows in the cold.

When the temperature drops, the oil becomes denser, making it harder for the oil pump to do its job. This puts extra strain on the engine, so it’s crucial to use the right oil as recommended in the owner’s manual, especially during harsh winters.

Tips for Starting a Car in Cold Weather

Most of the time, just turning the key or pressing the start button should do the trick. If the battery wasn’t fully charged before shutting down, a jump-start might be necessary. Remote starters can be a lifesaver, allowing the engine to warm up without leaving the vehicle vulnerable.

Don’t forget to clear off any snow or ice from the car—especially the roof! If the car still won’t start after a jump, it might be time for a new battery or a deeper issue.

How Cold Is Too Cold for a Car to Start?

Wondering when it’s just too cold for a car to start? It’s not a simple answer. Factors like the type of car, battery condition, oil type, and even the engine’s health all come into play. Generally, cars should start fine down to freezing (32°F). If there are issues at higher temps, something’s off.

In extreme conditions, like -50°F or -60°F, even the best cars might struggle. For those living in such climates, block heaters and proper parking can make a huge difference.

Is It Safe to Drive in Subzero Temperatures?

Driving in freezing temps comes with its risks. Slippery roads and black ice can lead to accidents, even for the most careful drivers. But with the right precautions—like winter tires and a survival kit—driving can still be safe.

Always be cautious, and remember to keep an emergency kit in the car. If stuck, staying inside is crucial. Cabin fever can be a real danger in winter conditions.

How to Care for a Car in Cold Weather

Preparing a car for winter is key. Use the lowest-rated motor oil from the manual, invest in winter tires, and keep fluids topped up. In typical northern winters, temperatures may not get too extreme, but they’ll still be chilly. Drive gently until the engine warms up, and stay aware of road conditions.

By following these tips, a vehicle can handle the cold like a champ.